It used a combination of pumped brine, and Freon Gas, which is a non-combustible gas, still used today as a refrigerant in air conditioning applications.
Freon (from then) is generally illegal to use today, as it depletes ozone. As a trademark, the name is often applied to newer refrigerants.
this website is a marvel, the fact that there are over 100 year old concrete ships still floating makes me wonder if there are concrete or nonmetallic ships still being constructed today for secondary purposes like carrying garbage or as bridges
There's a (likely apocryphal) story of a Japanese official realizing they'd lost the war when these showed up, as it indicated a level of spare industrial capacity and logistics while Japanese troops were struggling to stay fed at all.
I'm curious how they got the raw material to them. You can't make 5 tons of ice cream a day out of thin air. Were they shipped premixed sugar & milk or did they get straight raw ingredients and mix them onsite? I feel like the refrigeration capabilities are a pretty small part of the supply chain required to actually produce ice cream. Did they get a floating milk tanker to stop by every few days? Were they loaded on shore and just made do with what they had until the next port call?
Spray-dried whole milk especially, but also wartime dairy infrastructure in general on which powdered milk production depends, was a generation-defining nutritional element during that wartime period.
The wartime infrastructure got so large that lawmakers feared a widespread economic collapse, and signed into law the National Dairy Council, the "strategic cheese reserve" (AKA "government cheese"), and requirements that dairy milk be served with all school lunches. It's one of the most subsidized and most health-damaging industries there is.
Freon (from then) is generally illegal to use today, as it depletes ozone. As a trademark, the name is often applied to newer refrigerants.
this website is a marvel, the fact that there are over 100 year old concrete ships still floating makes me wonder if there are concrete or nonmetallic ships still being constructed today for secondary purposes like carrying garbage or as bridges
The 520 and I-90 bridges in Seattle are built with floating concrete pontoons.
There's a (likely apocryphal) story of a Japanese official realizing they'd lost the war when these showed up, as it indicated a level of spare industrial capacity and logistics while Japanese troops were struggling to stay fed at all.
I'm curious how they got the raw material to them. You can't make 5 tons of ice cream a day out of thin air. Were they shipped premixed sugar & milk or did they get straight raw ingredients and mix them onsite? I feel like the refrigeration capabilities are a pretty small part of the supply chain required to actually produce ice cream. Did they get a floating milk tanker to stop by every few days? Were they loaded on shore and just made do with what they had until the next port call?
Spray-dried whole milk especially, but also wartime dairy infrastructure in general on which powdered milk production depends, was a generation-defining nutritional element during that wartime period.
The wartime infrastructure got so large that lawmakers feared a widespread economic collapse, and signed into law the National Dairy Council, the "strategic cheese reserve" (AKA "government cheese"), and requirements that dairy milk be served with all school lunches. It's one of the most subsidized and most health-damaging industries there is.