Hacker News

New stories

Live mirror
30 storiesupdated just nowView source snapshot
  1. Mechanochemistry of Molecular Motors [video] (youtube.com)
    —discuss
  2. Falling in Love with the Problem, Not the Solution, Is More Important Than Ever (tonyalicea.dev)
    —discuss
  3. Windows and macOS both use thread slot 0x20, so fiber games crash under Wine (gethighball.com)
    —discuss
  4. Everyone Has a Recipe Now (leadership.garden)
    —discuss
  5. Claude Code saves transcript.jsonl. The log is the truth (future-seems-so-good.com)
    —discuss
  6. What is cybersecurity risk management (andersenlab.com)
    —discuss
  7. We asked an agent to tune 1 slow query on 3 Postgres MCP servers. It had notes (goodtiming.ai)
    —discuss
  8. I let AI agents write most of a live-trading codebase (redgeoff.com)
    —discuss
  9. Zing Radio: thé live audio streaming platform (zingradio.live)
    1comments
  10. The Best Discord Alternatives in 2026, Compared (soapbox.pub)
    —discuss
  11. macOS Golden Gate Is a Buggy Mess (squareorbits.com)
    —discuss
  12. Microsoft Azure OpenAI Service Down in EU (status.microsoft)
    —discuss
  13. Couple Accused of Killing Their Son-in-Law in Bay Area Park (nytimes.com)
    —discuss
  14. I5h: Build a Rust Web App and Prove Its Behavior with Lean 4 (medium.com/koukyosyumei)
    —discuss
  15. Surveillance Company Tells Cops It Adds Facial Recognition to Flock Cameras (404media.co)
    1comments
  16. Kaniko and BuildKit: 8 years later (osscontainertools.org)
    —discuss
  17. Fathom: Per-query read depth for sparse decoding over offloaded KV caches (arxiv.org)
    —discuss
  18. Understanding the Dual Polytope for Hull Simplification (cairnc.github.io)
    1comments
  19. Claude Is "At Capacity"
    2comments
  20. Claude partial outage (claude.com)
    11comments
  21. Why Doesn't Anyone Want to Fix One of America's Scariest Roads? (newyorker.com)
    —discuss
  22. Show HN: Ctxfw – AST context firewall that cuts agent prompt tokens by 67% (github.com/heuristicolab)
    —discuss
  23. HardenedBSD August / September 2026 Status Report (hardenedbsd.org)
    —discuss
  24. What's the Future for Pure Math Research in the Age of AI? (stephenwolfram.com)
    —discuss
  25. Why Secret Collaboration Is an AI Agent Security Risk (ieee.org)
    —discuss
  26. 2026 in LLMs (So Far) (simonwillison.net)
    —discuss
  27. Forget About Your IPO, Schedule Your IOP (groupicorn.com)
    1comments
  28. Cybernetics and Dynamics (slimemoldtimemold.com)
    —discuss
  29. ESP32 can stream I/Q up to 80MSPS 10bit from 2GHz/5GHz by tapping Wifi/BT stage (github.com/espargos)
    —discuss
  30. Shopify adds WebMCP checkout for browser-based AI agents (shopify.dev)
    1comments

How Delhi Cut Electricity Loss from 50 to 5 Percent

160 pointsby 1h agospectrum.ieee.org
84 comments
1h agoHN ↗

That’s quite the achievement. Though a side note of comparison I can’t believe France and Belgium suffer power losses in the 5 to 6% range. Unless I’m misunderstanding what that means, it seems excessive for a modern economy.

1h agoHN ↗

It's embarrassing that it took so long. India has been crippled by decades of socialist government overreach. Unfortunately, even the purportedly right wing BJP is unable to keep the government out of places where it doesn't belong.

1h agoHN ↗

India has been crippled by decades of socialist government overreach.

It baffles me that country still has strong anti-capitalist views. I guess lack of education does that to people.

Also, BJP is slightly right of Congress (post 1991) when it comes to economics.

1h agoHN ↗

Being to the right of the current INC is not an achievement. The only people not in that position are Maoists.

Anyway, I think it's reasonable to be suspicious of the wealthy and powerful. For instance, I personally quite dislike our new AI ruling class. But unfortunately, in India there was an attitude since independence that it is impossible to generate wealth in a legitimate manner. Which is going way too far! And has predictably bad outcomes for the country.

1h agoHN ↗

Definitely not nearly as vile. It certainly wasn't perfect, particularly things like the awful penal colonies, but jump-starting a giant civilisation, say, 1000+ years into the future is not straightforward either. India is experiencing a rise in nationalism, but would do well to imagine the counterfactual of what India would be like had Europe never visited.

52m agoHN ↗

jump-starting a giant civilisation, say, 1000+ years into the future is not straightforward either.

Not sure what you are suggesting here.

42m agoHN ↗

It's pretty clear lol. OP definitely thinks we were living in mud huts before the British gifted us railroads.

37m agoHN ↗

jump-starting a giant civilisation, say, 1000+ years into the future is not straightforward either

The various East India companies went to India (and the other east Indies) because those places had things rich Europeans desired - spices yes, but also high-end, high-quality textiles and handcrafted items. They were the height of civilization and had high economic productivity.

would do well to imagine the counterfactual of what India would be like had Europe never visited

It would probably not be one country. Best case scenario: like a South Asian EU. Why do you think they wouldn't have copied European industrialization and developed themselves? Japan did it.

Speaking of Japan, isn't it interesting that the first Asian country to industrialize is also one of the only Asian countries never colonized by Europeans? Why do people still believe colonization was good for economic development?

1h agoHN ↗

It baffles me that country still has strong anti-capitalist views.

I wouldn't call the "license raj" of India as anti-capitalist. India arguably has the strongest of institutions of all the countries in South Asia. However, even its institutions and regulations are pathetically weak.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhopal_disaster

You probably also saw a previous post right here on this orange website when someone tried to repatriate their business money outside of India. It was painful just to read that they had to get approvals from iirc sixteen different government agencies to get their own money that they brought in from outside of India back. Not profits, not proceeds, a fraction of what they put in.

Neither of these two cases is due to "anti-capitalist" views of India. If you look at what was India before Moghul rule and British rule, you could argue India has never been socialist before.

I think workers everywhere should have "strong anti-capitalist views", because unrestrained capitalism is just anarchy.

1h agoHN ↗

I think that's a bad read of Indian institutions. They are incredibly powerful - in fact, they are far too powerful. That's the problem. The license raj is the epitome of authoritarian, centralized political and economic power. I suppose it was justified on socialist grounds, but it would be fair to say that saying so doesn't make it so! Before 91, nothing, and I mean nothing, could happen without government say-so.

The problem with Indian institutions is that they are far too powerful, centralized and bureaucratic. Just read the article - the problem was created by a lazy, corrupt, powerful and centralized bureaucratic system. The solution was to dismantle it and decentralize power.

1h agoHN ↗

I apologize I am not very good at expressing myself. Could India be better? Of course! Anyone can be better than what they are. Like a fish that lives in water doesn't ever think about water, an Indian living in India does not think about the absurdity of how powerful a District Collector / District Magistrate (DM) / Deputy Commissioner (DC) is in contemporary India.

I think that's a bad read of Indian institutions. They are incredibly powerful - in fact, they are far too powerful. That's the problem. The license raj is the epitome of authoritarian, centralized political and economic power. I suppose it was justified on socialist grounds, but it would be fair to say that saying so doesn't make it so! Before 91, nothing, and I mean nothing, could happen without government say-so. > The problem with Indian institutions is that they are far too powerful, centralized and bureaucratic. Just read the article - the problem was created by a lazy, corrupt, powerful and centralized bureaucratic system. The solution was to dismantle it and decentralize power.

What you are saying is absolutely true. the bureaucracy in India is absolutely lazy, corrupt, powerful, and centralized. It is also arguably one of the biggest reasons why India has never had a (successful) military coup. You could even argue the inefficiency and the sluggishness of the bureaucracy is a feature and not a defect.

47m agoHN ↗

I think this is a self-deprecating canard that's oft-repeated, but I think fails the credibility test and encourages a kind of fatalistic resigned attitude among Indians. Are we to take from this that efficient bureaucracies lead inevitably to coups? Is the pathetic state of most African countries a result of their stellar bureaucracies?

1h agoHN ↗

True it should never have gotten so bad, but when there is no incentive to invest, this is the result you can expect. This happened in Venezuela and South Africa too - though SA also suffers from massive corruption (officials pocketing moneys and diverting from investment in infra).

1h agoHN ↗

The privatisation of Delhi power distribution was initiated by a Congress state government in 2000.

1h agoHN ↗

I am aware. The initial privatization push was initiated by Congress in 1991! My lament is that privatization has remained anemic, even under the so-called right wing BJP.

But you should also acknowledge that national electrical reform was done by BJP. The real problem for Indian politics was the re-entry of the Gandhi nepo-baby dynasty. We would be a lot better off if they hadn't gotten their claws back into the INC.

1h agoHN ↗

It's not surprising. For one, stated vs actual goals always differ and someone needs pockets to reach into. For the other, plenty of countries that listened to orgs like the World Bank saying "privatise everything immediately and reap the benefits!" just ended up handing the assets to cronies. Examples like Russia are of course well-known, but it's obviously happening under BJP in India as well.

1h agoHN ↗

It's once again lamentable, but somewhat predictable that even on a post about how privatization fixed, in five years, a problem that persisted for 50, you insist on spreading boogeyman tales about privatization. The Indian government is what American libertarians are afraid of, and in their defense, they should be afraid.

1h agoHN ↗

Boogeyman? Is the outcome of the World Bank's insistence on "structural adjustments" somehow in debate now?

I was in Delhi when this started and they began laying out the tamper-proof cable back in the early 2000s. At that time, railway food had been privatised, perhaps you recall. It wasn't better. The problem was not the privatisation or lack thereof, it was the complete lack of accountability.

22m agoHN ↗

you insist on spreading boogeyman tales about privatization

Dude, you're the one coming across as a zealot here.

1h agoHN ↗

The BJP is marginally less socialist than the Congress. On the positive side, they are definitely less corrupt than the Congress.

22m agoHN ↗

Has the Congress moved to the right?

The License Raj prior to 1991 was pretty socialist, and it was a Congress policy.

20m agoHN ↗

Really? The recent headlines would suggest otherwise.

1h agoHN ↗

To me transformation efficiency and distance losses actually seem to make 5-6% pretty impressive?

1h agoHN ↗

30 years ago my local electric co-op was bragging they got transmission losses down to 4%, when the rest of US was 8% (I'm not sure if that is average or some other statistical term).

But yes, transmission losses exist and are surprisingly large

1h agoHN ↗

every step in the chain loses power. You lose power just in the power lines. Every trip through a transformer adds some more loss

Reducing the number of transformers, raising the high side of system voltage, and increasing conductor sizes are all ways to reduce the transmission losses. of course each of those requires investments so that's why it can be variable and also something to brag about

48m agoHN ↗

Correct. As I recall the did a customer survey and customers didn't like (among other things) the number of power outages. The main goal was fixing that, and several side effects of that resulting in less line loss.

1h agoHN ↗

I'm not sure what that percentage means, but power-cuts in Belgium are extremely rare.

1h agoHN ↗

I don't think that number is correct?

In the 39 years I live here, the only power loss was due to lightning or planned power cuts because of work in the building where I live in the last 9 years ( rare - twice).

There is however incentive for our high chemistry industry to cut the power and they get re-imbursed. This is when we have too much electricity production ( solar power) vs. consumption. Otherwise the providers have to pay "fines" to lose the overproduction of electricity to neigboring countries ( who probably all have overproduction of electricity).

23m agoHN ↗

5-6 percent of electricity loss just mean that 5-6 percent of the electricity produced by all power plants in your country never reach the customer. Not that you have blackouts 5-6 percent of the time.

As of now, we cannot do lossless transmission. If some Ultragrok comes with room-pressure and room-temperature superconductors, then maybe.

25m agoHN ↗

Czechia is at 5-6 per cent as well, even though our grid companies are quite good. This is the price for having rural areas. Within a single compact city, like Singapore, you can get under 1 per cent easily. One the distances grow to hundreds of kilometers, some non-negligible loss is inevitable.

19m agoHN ↗

It’s where you’ll find most countries with a good handle on their electric network, advanced economies or not. You can do better but it requires either very small service distances (so you don’t have transmission losses in the first place) or an extreme dedication to hunting them down.

1h agoHN ↗

In Greece there is no incentive to fix power losses since the electric bill has a power losses line item.

You can steal as much as you want. The ones who pay will pay.

1h agoHN ↗

"The ones who pay will pay" is always true (from people using public transport without a ticket to "normal" tax payers having to shoulder the losses caused by loopholes and "incentives" for the upper 0.1%), but resigning to it so explicitly is rare.

40m agoHN ↗

caused by loopholes and "incentives" for the upper 0.1%

You'd be amazed at how most of this sort of thing is not done by the same people you blame for everything.

28m agoHN ↗

Yeah. My impression is, small players exploit the loopholes like there's no tomorrow, big players hire external consultants to give them least-effort playbook and take over liability, as anything more clever is exponentially more expensive.

2m agoHN ↗

How is creating your own ETFs to avoid paying taxes low effort?

I mean, it's very low effort to have somebody else do all the work. But you'll never see a self-employed electrician creating an account in the Cayman Islands to avoid taxes.

1h agoHN ↗

I mean this is the case universally, even if the losses aren't in a specific line item the cost of generating that power has to be covered overall

There's usually an incentive to solve this though because this shrinkage, in retail terms, would be handled at the cost of power generated (without any profit margin) whereas if it was sold to a paying customer it'd have a margin built in. If the Greek utilities are allowed to make a profit on that losses line item, that is insane

46m agoHN ↗

If a utility is regulated to a set profit outcome, it will make a profit on stolen electricity just via math.

23m agoHN ↗

it depends on how the regulations are written. not every single cost gets to go into the guaranteed return on equity. Probably plenty of examples where it is, but also there are definitely a lot of examples where that's not true. Given how militant most utilities are at preventing theft, either parent comment OP is just being cynical or there is something very off about the situation there vs. most places

58m agoHN ↗

The ones who pay will pay.

Until solar panels came to liberate us from the utility overlords.

40m agoHN ↗

And handed us over to the mafias that collect protection money for solar panels.

A failed state will be fail-stating regardless of the technology.

26m agoHN ↗

Indeed, you need to insure from the risk of brick-rain where this weather phenomenon occurs!

28m agoHN ↗

In places where the grid is reliable, approximately no one disconnects voluntarily from it, and solar panels are just a nice extra.

It is the places where the grid is failing where solar panels indeed liberate you, but not from the utility overlords, but from incompetent and corrupt governance.

1h agoHN ↗

I wonder how many HNers recall life in Delhi even 20 years ago? Cutting electricity loss is one thing, but getting rid of "load shedding" (unplanned power cuts) is the really revolutionary part. It was not uncommon for the power to go out several times a day and you had to rush to unplug expensive appliances (TV, laptop), because when the power came back it was often accompanied by a surge. My office was wired with two sets of electrical sockets, one connected to grid mains and the other connected to the UPS (for important equipment only).

1h agoHN ↗

unplanned power cuts

Actually load shedding is planned power cuts. I have seen a schedule published in a newspaper with different regions of the city (not Delhi) and times when no electricity will be available. This is for ppl to plan their day

1h agoHN ↗

Load shedding = it was done on purpose, not that it was pre-planned. If a sudden problem occurs, some areas can be cut to prevent wider failure. I would expect this to be largely automatic.

40m agoHN ↗

I suspect the semantics are about how long in advance it's planned. A day or two? Planned. An hour? Hard sell.

1h agoHN ↗

Do you remember the scheduled water cuts? We would stockpile water in buckets so we could flush the toilets. Good old days!

1h agoHN ↗

I remember the inverse of that in Chennai -- scheduled running water for an hour in the morning and an hour in the evenings when we had to stockpile water in every container possible.

1h agoHN ↗

It's so weird reading these comments, we didn't have either of these issues in Gujarat in early 2000s (left India in mid 2000s).

40m agoHN ↗

I mean that was one of the reasons why he got re-elected twice in Gujarat. It's a shame what that party has devolved to now

1m agoHN ↗

Still better than INC (Rahul Gandhi) IMO.

Would reconsider if INC appoint someone competent like Shashi Tharoor.

1h agoHN ↗

I still remember those summer midnights, without cooler

44m agoHN ↗

We've traded power cuts for pollution. The current government seems energetic enough in trying to fix the problem, but frankly it's something every single developed country in existence went through at some point, so there's probably no escaping it. Hopefully the pollution era will be shorter than it was in other places!

21m agoHN ↗

I hope you make it brother, it's good to hear there have been improvements in some areas of life at least.

14m agoHN ↗

I spent two weeks in Bangalore in 2014. Power cuts happened roughly every other day.

Thankfully, I stayed in a nice hotel with an automatic generator, so the power would cut out for a second or two before the generator came on, and then would cut back out for a second or two a few minutes later when the hotel went back on the mains.

13m agoHN ↗

India's ongoing growth, and overall the positive sentiment of the population, is such a breath of fresh air compared to the decadent west. It's just a shame that you are also speedrunning population collapse. Modi completely ignoring the cratering birth rates under him is a real hero.

7m agoHN ↗

Who's not speed running that right now? I can't really fault India in particular when it's nearly universal.

4m agoHN ↗

You said it yourself, nearly, so it's not something written in stone.

I can fault India (and, in particular, Modi) for repeating the same mistake all other western developed countries made 40 years before, yes.

6m agoHN ↗

I wonder how many HNers recall life in Delhi even 20 years ago?

The only thing I know about India is from a Big Bang Theory episode where Raj's father said to Leonard when asked how's the weather, "It's hot, it's always hot in India!".

1h agoHN ↗

In areas where theft was particularly rampant and losses were as high as 83 percent, according to Tata, the companies took a different strategy. These pockets of Delhi were predominantly occupied by low-income families. Tata Power, and later BSES, worked to improve the water supply for these residents and provide educational opportunities, such as instruction in reading and writing in Hindi as well as financial literacy. These efforts focused on the women, who were at home more, and paid them to collect electricity payments from their neighbors. Bill payment rates from these areas are now on par with those of other parts of Delhi

This is... interesting on multiple levels.

2m agoHN ↗

Modernity transition happening in real time. Not just electricity, but also the state institutions and the public.

1h agoHN ↗

I want to know what Singapore's grid operators have been up to. That seems to be the more interesting story based on the data in this article.

58m agoHN ↗

Singapore is a very small city. Distribution losses are linear with distance!

1h agoHN ↗

So basically theft and fixing overloaded infra. So this is policy based solutions for the most part.

Amazing that places have 50% power loss.

33m agoHN ↗

In Hyderabad, India the govt loses around 2 million kWh per day(roughly 50-60 million USD per year) in theft and unpaid electricity bills every year particularly the old city area where residents refuse to pay the bills.

Bill collectors are openly threatened by local elected leaders even in the presence of police.

The state chief minister(similar to a governor) acknowledged the problem and is planning to handover bill collection to a private firm specifically for that part of the city. The opposition is against the move as the area represents a major voting bloc.

Sometimes, policy based solutions work but political will is also necessary to enforce those policies.

1h agoHN ↗

Estonia?!

Much has been made of Estonia having a high tech virtual government I’d. So many high tech start ups have come from Estonia, I’m a bit stunned that they have big electricity distribution problems.

49m agoHN ↗

This is some kind of totally wrong reporting. Maybe some other country was meant, or the author mixed us up with Elbonia from Dilbert.

We do not have issues with electricity here or planned power cuts or whatever else.

I would like to see where this professor got his data for losses from. Maybe his data is flawed.

21m agoHN ↗

Albania, Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Estonia, India, Kenya, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Uganda, and Venezuela

Even if Estonia does have stated electricity distribution loss, it still looks so way out of place in this group of countries by so many criteria. I wonder why not pick Egypt or Libya given that they have the same distribution loss.

Edit: this could be the reason - when you click on "Map" above the graph, for some reason Estonia is one of the blue countries shown on the map. Argentina, Brazil, and Kenya are there too (but not others).

45m agoHN ↗

It may be that they over-generate currently to account for the excess losses, which would be very costly given current fuel prices unless most of it is from environmental sources.

44m agoHN ↗

tldr; they passed the administration of power from the corrupt government officials to Tata power (part of the Tata conglomerate) and BSES (part of another conglomerate Reliance). They modernized the setup and closed loopholes and avenues of corruption and also made stealing of power by the corrupt sections of public difficult.

34m agoHN ↗

A well functioning government that regulates things is so crucial to everything in a technological life.